Pre-erythrocytic vaccines candidate
- R21 adjuvanted with Matrix-M (UOXF, UK)
This is a CSP-based virus-like particle designed to improve on RTS,S.
The developer is The Chancellor, the Masters and the Scholars of the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. R21 has shown 82% sterile efficacy in UK CHMI trials with promising durability. It was immunogenic in adults in Burkina Faso and is starting trials in African children and infants aiming for licensure in partnership with the Serum Institute of India by 2023. - PfSPZ CVac (Sanaria, USA)
This is the Chemically attenuated whole sporozoite vaccine.
The vaccine developer is Sanaria, USA.
This approach has shown impressively high efficacy in German trials and is now being assessed actively in Africa. - ME-TRAP viral vectors (UOXF, UK)
These adenoviral and MVA-based viral vectors induce protective immunity through T cell induction. The vaccine developer is The Chancellor, the Masters and the Scholars of the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. It showed efficacy in several European CHMI trials with higher efficacy in a Kenyan field trial in adults as part of a previous EDCTP project (MVVC consortium).
Blood-stage vaccines candidate
PfRH5 adjuvanted with Matrix-M (UOXF, UK)
This protein-in-adjuvant blood-stage vaccine comprises the highly conserved RH5 antigen.
This candidate vaccine developer is The Chancellor, the Masters and the Scholars of the University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
It recently became the first blood-stage candidate to demonstrate in vivo impact on P. falciparum parasite blood-stage growth in a CHMI trial in the UK (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02927145). Trials of RH5 vaccines are in progress in Tanzania (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03435874).NPC-SE36 formulated with CpG (Osaka University, Japan).
NPC-SE36 is the recombinant form of the P. falciparum serine repeat antigen-5 N-terminal domain (SE36) formulated with the Alum adjuvant.
The vaccine developers are Nobelpharma Co. Ltd (NPC) and Osaka University, Japan.
It was safe and immunogenic in a phase Ib trial in Ugandan adults and children with some initial evidence of potential efficacy (controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN71619711). The same recombinant protein formulated with CpG is currently being tested in an age de-escalating trial in Burkina Faso (Trial ID: PACTR201701001921166).